The aim of the study was to investigate the features of clinical course and diagnostics of pathologies of upper sections of gastro-intestinal tract in patients with connective tissue dysplasia to develop the system of management of patients at the level of primary health care. In the study it was revealed that patients with gastrointestinal tract pathology associated with CTD had early onset of disease and higher frequency of exacerbations, prevalence of dyspeptic and asthenic complaints, as well as impaired motor and evacuatory function of the gastroduodenal zone. Manifestation terms, frequency of exacerbations of gastroduodenal diseases are interrelated with the severity of connective tissue disorders.
Functional diseases of the gastrointestinal tract tract - diseases of the gastrointestinal tract that are not associated with organic lesions and include a number of individual idiopathic disorders affecting various parts of the gastrointestinal tract, associated with visceral hypersensitivity and impaired motor function.
Target. То study the structure of nosology, demonstrated by the syndrome of recurrent vomiting, for timely assistance in primary health care. Materials and methods. The study included 176 sick children with recurrent vomiting symptoms. Verification of clinical diagnoses were carried out based on clinical, laboratory and instrumental research methods, including: clinical anamnestic methods,biochemical blood analysis, ultrasound examination, EGDS, X-ray contrast method for the study of the gastrointestinal tract.
Result. The symptom of recurrent vomiting in preschool children, regardless of the sex of patients, occurs most often in functional and organic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (83.5%), in metabolic disorders - in 14.2% and in pathology of the central system - in 2.27 % of cases.
Conclusion. The most common causes of vomiting in children are diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), both functional and organic. Vomiting can also be caused by both congenital metabolic defects and endocrine disorders.
Currently, the structure of morbidity in children is characterized by the predominance of chronic non-epidemic diseases, among which one of the first places is occupied by chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Gastrointestinal niche allergy is an important medical and social problem. According to scientific sources, the prevalence of this pathology is very contradictory. Thus, according to a number of researchers, at least 20-30% of the population are convinced that they have certain manifestations of food allergies.
In the structure of the pathology of the biliary tract, there is a significant increase in both dysfunctional disorders and diseases of an metabolic-inflammatory nature. At the same time, the proportion of cholelithiasis in children with an upward trend is increasing (1). A certain role in the formation of the pathology of the biliary tract is played by congenital anomalies of the gallbladder and biliary tract.
The studies carried out indicate the frequency of lesions of the biliary tract in school-age children. Comparative analysis of the data obtained in a comprehensive study allows differentiating the pathology of the biliary tract, but with a clinical manifestation, and also confirms the informative value of X-ray and ultrasound studies to clarify the diagnosis.
In the course of the study, the need and degree of participation of narrow-profile specialists in the treatment ofparadontal diseases was determined for the timely detection of comorbid pathology and the appointment of adequate therapy.
We studied 225 patients with generalized parodontitis of varying severity. 40 patients without generalized parodontitis (GP) and pathology of the oral mucosa (POM) formed a control group.
Statistically significant differences in the frequency of registered pathology in patients of the compared groups with control indicators, as well as correlations between the frequency of detected diseases and the severity ofparadontal pathology, were established. Thus, the total incidence of previously existing diseases increased in the series of mild generalized parodontitis (MGP), moderate generalized parodontitis (MODERGP) and severe generalized parodontitis (SGP) from 32.47 ± 5.34% with MGP; up to 51.25 ± 3.83% with MODERGP up to 86.96 ± 3.14% in patients with SGP (linear correlation coefficient χ² = 96.167; P ≤ 0.001); the corresponding dynamics of the newly discovered pathology was 42.86 ± 5.63%; 47.65 ± 3.83% and 13.04 ± 3.14% (χ² = 65.087; P ≤ 0.001); and the corresponding frequency of all somatic pathology requiring systematic drug correction was 75.32 ± 4.93%; 99.41 ± 0.52% and 100.00 ± 0.00% (χ² = 235.351; P ≤ 0.001).
Based on the studies performed, local therapy tactics should be determined for the following pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of parodontitis: microcirculation disorders, the prevalence of lipid peroxidation processes, an increase in cytokine aggression and an increase in bone resorption.
When making a diagnosis, the scope and methods of therapy should be maximally individualized based on an assessment of the patient's individual clinical and laboratory parameters, by identifying markers that determine the priority mechanisms of the development of the disease.
Этиопатогенетические аспекты врожденных пороков желудочно-кишечного тракта (ВПР ЖКТ) очень важны в решении задач по обеспечению необходимого ухода, профилактики, лечения.
Последнее десятилетие характеризуется устойчивым ростом патологии желудочно-кишечного тракта среди детей и подростков По исследованиям Камилова О.Т (2011), в структуре патологии желудочно-кишечного тракта у подростков гастродуоденальные заболевания составляют 76 % .
Инородные тела верхнего отдела желудочно-кишечного тракта являются часто встречающейся патологией. Несмотря на то, что 80 - 90% инородных тел проходят через желудочно-кишечный тракт без каких-либо проблем, ежегодно от данной патологии погибает до 1500 человек. По данным литературы, летальность при перфорации пищевода инородным телом составляет 4,1% от общего числа наблюдений. Несмотря на длительную историю, проблема диагностики и лечения пациентов с инородными телами верхних отделов пищеварительного тракта не теряет актуальность и в настоящее время.
Сахарный диабет (СД) является широко распространенным эндокринным заболеванием, имеющим тенденцию к неуклонному росту. По данным ВОЗ и диабетических ассоциаций, во многих странах мира проблема этой медицинской патологии превратилась в медико-социальную. На учете у эндокринологов по Республике Узбекистан находятся более 84 тыс. больных СД, что составляет около 1,9% населения Узбекистана и является в 4 раза большим, чем в середине 70-х годов (Туракулов Я.Х., 1995). По нашим данным i J. (Яйгиёва Н.Р., 1997), контингент больных СД увеличился к 2006 году примерно в 1,4 раза. г 1 Учитывай, что йоражёние глазного дна у больных СД в обследованной популяции состав* Ляет 84,3% и данный показатель прогностически стабилен или будет возрастать, диабетическая ретинопатия (ДР) также будет иметь высокий уровень.
Polypoid rhinosinusitis is quite common, but oddly enough, poorly understood pathology of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. The very name "polyp" (from the Greek poly - many and pus -leg) is a collective term used to refer to pathological formations of various origins, towering above the surface of the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract, respiratory and urinary tract, and uterus. Polyps represent a rather variegated picture of a wide variety of diseases, far from homogeneous in etiological, pathogenetic and morphological terms from benign tumors to hyperplastic formations of an allergic or inflammatory nature. Therefore, it makes no sense to look for any analogies in the etiology and pathogenesis of polyps of the paranasal sinuses and, for example,the gastrointestinal tract or urinary tract. Polypoid rhinosinusitis is a completely independent disease, in no way associated with polyps of other localizations, neither etiologically, nor morphologically, nor pathogenetically. Polyps of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses have nothing to do with the group of benign tumors, although sometimes they are mistakenly placed in the textbooks in the section "Benign nasal tumors". In the presence of a large number of polyps, the term "polyposis" is used, although the border between the concepts "multiple polyps" and "polyposis" is arbitrary. According to most researchers, the term "polyposis" should be used when the number of polyps is more than 10 - 20. Sometimes you can find the term "polyposis of the nose", which is not entirely correct grammatically or "nasal polyposis", like tracing paper with "nasal polyposis", the most the designation of this disease common in the English-language literature. But still, from our point of view, the most legitimate name for this etiopathogenetic form will be "polyposis rhinosinusitis", since it is the paranasal sinuses and, first of all, the cells of the ethmoid labyrinth that are the place of localization of this process.